2021答案 2020秋生物化学（双语）（田克立） 最新满分章节测试答案

第一章 蛋白质的结构与功能 单元测验1

1、 问题:Who was the first scientist in the world to synthesize the bioactive bovine insulin?
选项：
A:Chinese
B:American
C:British
D:German
E:Japanese
答案: 【Chinese】

2、 问题:The chemical bond between the A and B chains of insulin is
选项：
A:peptide bond
B:disulfide bond
C:phosphoester bond
D:ionic bond
E:hydrophobic force
答案: 【disulfide bond】

3、 问题:The characteristic of secondary structure in myoglobin is to have more
选项：
A:α-helix
B:β-pleated sheet
C:β-turn
D:Ωloop
E:βαβ motif
答案: 【α-helix】

4、 问题:Autoclave disinfection (高压灭菌消毒) is to make bacterial proteins
选项：
A:denaturation
B:precipitation
C:ionization
D:dissolved
E:degradation
答案: 【denaturation】

5、 问题:The nitrogen contents of various proteins are very close, and the average nitrogen contents are
选项：
A:13%
B:14%
C:15%
D:16%
E:17%
答案: 【16%】

6、 问题:The protein whose structural change can cause sickle cell anemia is
选项：
A:lactate dehydrogenase
B:pyruvate kinase
C: insulin
D:myoglobin
E:hemoglobin
答案: 【hemoglobin】

7、 问题:The spatial conformation of a protein mainly depends on
选项：
A:α-helix and β-sheet
B:the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chain
C:disulfide bonds in polypeptide chain
D:hydrophobic effects in polypeptide chain
E:hydrogen bonds in polypeptide chain
答案: 【the sequence of amino acids in polypeptide chain】

8、 问题:The amino acid that can form disulfide bond in protein structure is
选项：
A:Trp
B:Met
C:Cys
D:Pro
E:Ser
答案: 【Cys】

9、 问题:Protein denaturation is due to
选项：
A:conformation destruction of protein
B:depolymerization（解聚）of protein subunits
C:proteolysis (蛋白质水解)
D:changes in the primary structure of protein
E:breaking of peptide bonds
答案: 【conformation destruction of protein】

10、 问题:The stabilizing factors of the protein colloid solution are
选项：
A:Proteins have no charge
B:High viscosity(黏度) of protein solution
C:Protein molecules have hydration shell and charge layer on the surface
D:Hydrophobic groups on the surface of protein molecules repel each other
E:Peptide bonds in protein molecules
答案: 【Protein molecules have hydration shell and charge layer on the surface】

11、 问题:Secondary structures of protein mainly include
选项：
A:α helix
B:β sheet
C:β turn
D:Ω loop
E:motif
答案: 【α helix;
β sheet;
β turn;
Ω loop】

12、 问题:Which of the following descriptions about tertiary structure of protein are correct
选项：
A:All polypeptide chains with tertiary structure have biological activities.
B:Most hydrophilic groups (亲水基团) are located on the surface of tertiary structure.
C:The stability of tertiary structure is maintained by covalent bonds.
D:Tertiary structure is three-dimensional arrangement of all atoms in a polypeptide chain.
E:Formation of tertiary structure is the result of interaction between side chain groups of a polypeptide chain.
答案: 【Most hydrophilic groups (亲水基团) are located on the surface of tertiary structure.;
Tertiary structure is three-dimensional arrangement of all atoms in a polypeptide chain.;
Formation of tertiary structure is the result of interaction between side chain groups of a polypeptide chain.】

13、 问题:Compared with myoglobin, hemoglobin is characterized by
选项：
A:Having quaternary structure
B:Containing heme
C:Having cooperative effects between subunits during combination with oxygen
D:The oxygen dissociation curve is S-shaped.
E:The main function is to transport oxygen.
答案: 【Having quaternary structure;
Having cooperative effects between subunits during combination with oxygen;
The oxygen dissociation curve is S-shaped.;
The main function is to transport oxygen.】

14、 问题:The UV absorption properties of protein are due to the presence of
选项：
A:tryptophan
B:glutamic acid
C:tyrosine
D:aspartic acid
E:histidine
答案: 【tryptophan;
tyrosine】

15、 问题:Which of the following amino acids contain hydroxyl group
选项：
A:serine
B:phenylalanine
C:tyrosine
D:threonine
E:methionine
答案: 【serine;
tyrosine;
threonine】

16、 问题:The factors that can cause protein denaturation include
选项：
A:heating
B:strong acid / alkali
C:heavy metal ion
D:urea
E:freezing
答案: 【heating;
strong acid / alkali;
heavy metal ion;
urea】

17、 问题:During the experiment, protein aggregation and precipitation （聚集沉淀） in solution were observed, which indicated that protein denaturation occurred.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

18、 问题:When the pH > pI of protein, the proteins have positive charge.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

19、 问题:Biuret method can be used to detect the concentration of amino acids and proteins in solution.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

20、 问题:Glutathione acts as an antioxidant through its thiol group (-SH) in the molecule.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

21、 问题:Only those peptides with larger molecular weight containing 10 or more amino acids have biological activities.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

22、 问题:The main cause of mad cow disease is Prions, which contain viral nucleic acids and proteins that can spread from animal to animal.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

23、 问题:Each subunit in the quaternary structure of a protein can exert its function independently.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

第二章 酶与酶促反应 单元测验2

1、 问题:Which of the following statements about active center of enzyme is not true
选项：
A:Binding of enzyme with substrate is limited to the small area of enzyme structure which is closely related to enzyme activity.
B:The essential groups may locate either in or outside the active center.
C:Usually consists of several amino acid residues adjacent to each other in the primary structure
D:Zymogen activation is actually the process of forming complete active center.
E:Binding of substrates can induce conformational change of the active center of enzyme.
答案: 【Usually consists of several amino acid residues adjacent to each other in the primary structure】

2、 问题:When [S]=2Km, the velocity of an enzyme catalyzed reaction equals to
选项：
A:Vmax
B:2/3Vmax
C:3/2Vmax
D:2Vmax
E:1/2Vmax
答案: 【2/3Vmax】

3、 问题:The effect of temperature on the rate of enzymatic reaction is
选项：
A:When the temperature rises, the reaction rate increases, which is exactly the same as that of ordinary catalysts.
B:Low temperature may denature the most enzymes.
C:The optimum temperature is the characteristic constant of enzyme and is not related to the reaction time.
D:The optimum temperature is not the characteristic constant of enzyme. The longer the reaction time, the lower the optimum temperature.
E:All enzymes have the same optimum temperature.
答案: 【The optimum temperature is not the characteristic constant of enzyme. The longer the reaction time, the lower the optimum temperature.】

4、 问题:The inhibitory effect of organophosphorus insecticide (有机磷杀虫剂) on cholinesterase (胆碱酯酶) belongs to
选项：
A:Reversible inhibition
B:Competitive inhibition
C:Noncompetitive inhibition
D:Uncompetitive inhibition
E:Irreversible inhibition
答案: 【Irreversible inhibition】

5、 问题:Which of the following is the reversible inhibitor
选项：
A:organophosphorous compound 有机磷化合物
B:organic mercury compound 有机汞化合物
C:organoarsenic compound 有机砷化合物
D:cyanide 氰化物
E:sulfonamides 磺胺类药物
答案: 【sulfonamides 磺胺类药物】

6、 问题:Competitive reversible inhibitors of enzyme can make
选项：
A:Vmax decreases, Km decreases
B:Vmax increases, Km increases
C:Vmax remains unchange, Km increases
D:Vmax remains unchange, Km decreases
E:Vmax decreases, Km increases
答案: 【Vmax remains unchange, Km increases】

7、 问题:About the statements on allosteric enzyme and allosteric regulation, the correct is
选项：
A:All allosteric enzymes have a regulatory subunit and a catalytic subunit.
B:The kinetic characteristics of allosteric enzyme are S-shaped curve rather than rectangular hyperbola.
C:The mechanism of allosteric activation is the same as that of enzyme activator.
D:Sulfonamides (磺胺类药物) work by allosteric inhibition.
E:It is an important way to rapidly regulate the enzyme content.
答案: 【The kinetic characteristics of allosteric enzyme are S-shaped curve rather than rectangular hyperbola.】

8、 问题:The most common covalent modification of enzyme is
选项：
A:Phosphorylation/Dephosphorylation
B:Adenylation/Deadenylation
C:Methylation/Demethylation
D:Acetylation/Deacetylation
E:-SH / -S-S-
答案: 【Phosphorylation/Dephosphorylation】

9、 问题:Which of the following inhibition can be reduced by increasing [S]
选项：
A:Irreversible inhibition
B:Competitive inhibition
C:Noncompetitive inhibition
D:Uncompetitive inhibition
E:Unable to determine
答案: 【Competitive inhibition】

10、 问题:Which of the following statements about enzyme is false
选项：
A:All proteins are enzymes.
B:Enzymes are biocatalysts.
C:Enzymes are synthesized inside cells, but can perform catalytic functions outside cells.
D:Enzymes have high specificity.
E:Enzymes can be inactivated by certain denaturing factors.
答案: 【All proteins are enzymes.】

11、 问题:Enzymes have the following characteristics compared with common catalysts
选项：
A:high catalytic efficiency
B:high specificity for substrates
C:can lower the activation energy of reactions
D:can’t change the equilibrium of reactions
E:enzyme activity can be regulated
答案: 【high catalytic efficiency;
high specificity for substrates;
enzyme activity can be regulated】

12、 问题:Which of the following amino acid residues in enzyme molecule can be modified by phosphorylation?
选项：
A:Tyr
B:Cys
C:Ser
D:Gly
E:Thr
答案: 【Tyr;
Ser;
Thr】

13、 问题:Km is the characteristic constant of enzyme, which is only related to the properties of enzyme and is not related to the concentration of enzyme.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

14、 问题:Km value can be used to represent the affinity of enzyme to substrate. The smaller the Km, the greater the affinity.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

15、 问题:Rapid regulation of enzyme activity doesn’t need energy.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

第三章 糖代谢 单元测验3

1、 问题:The enzyme required for the reverse reaction catalyzed by hexokinase is
选项：
A:fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
B:glucose- 6-phosphatase
C:phosphofructokinase-1
D:phosphohexose isomerase
E:pyruvate kinase
答案: 【glucose- 6-phosphatase】

2、 问题:Under anaerobic condition, the metabolic fate of NADH + H+ generated in glycolysis pathway is
选项：
A:Reduce 3-phosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde
B:To be oxidized via respiratory chain to supply energy
C:Reduce pyruvate to lactate
D:Used to break down fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate
E:Used for biosynthesis of fatty acids
答案: 【Reduce pyruvate to lactate】

3、 问题:The end product of aerobic oxidation of glucose is
选项：
A:CO2+H2O+ATP
B:lactate
C:pyruvate
D:acetyl CoA
E:citrate
答案: 【CO2+H2O+ATP】

4、 问题:The biochemical mechanism of hemolytic anemia caused by deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is
选项：
A:Inhibition of pentose phosphate pathway results in deficiency of phosphopentose.
B:Deficiency of NADPH+H+ results in low level of GSH in RBC.
C:Metabolic disorder of glycolysis pathway results in energy deficiency.
D:Disorder of hemoglobin synthesis
E:None of the above
答案: 【Deficiency of NADPH+H+ results in low level of GSH in RBC.】

5、 问题:Under resting state, most of the blood glucose can be used by the following tissue/organ
选项：
A:liver
B:brain
C:kidney
D:fat
E:muscle
答案: 【brain】

6、 问题:The energy in mature red blood cells come from
选项：
A:aerobic oxidation of glucose
B:glycogen degradation
C:pentose phosphate pathway
D:glycolysis
E:gluconeogenesis
答案: 【glycolysis】

7、 问题:The false statement about the citric acid cycle is
选项：
A:Decarboxylation occurs twice per cycle.
B:One molecule of acetyl CoA is oxidized in each cycle.
C:The complete oxidation of one molecule of acetyl CoA produces 10 molecules of ATP.
D:4 NADH+H+are produced per cycle.
E:Acetyl CoA is first condensed with oxaloacetate to form citrate.
答案: 【4 NADH+H+are produced per cycle.】

8、 问题:The product(s) of acetyl CoA oxidized by citric acid cycle is/are
选项：
A:citric acid
B:oxaloacetic acid
C:CO2 and H2O
D:oxaloacetic acid and CO2
E:CO2 and 4 reduction equivalents
答案: 【CO2 and 4 reduction equivalents】

9、 问题:The deficient enzyme in patients with hemolytic jaundice caused by eating fresh broad beans is
选项：
A:3-phosphoglyceraldehyde dehydrogenase
B:isocitrate dehydrogenase
C:succinate dehydrogenase
D:glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
E:gluconate-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
答案: 【glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase】

10、 问题:Which of the following description about glycogen phosphorylase is false
选项：
A:It is the key enzyme for glycogen decomposition.
B:There are two forms including phosphorylase a and phosphorylase b.
C:Phosphorylase a is inactive form.
D:Enzyme activity is regulated by hormones.
E:Phosphorylase b is activated by phosphorylase kinase.
答案: 【Phosphorylase a is inactive form.】

11、 问题:The end product of anaerobic glycolysis in human cells is
选项：
A:acetone 丙酮
B:lactic acid 乳酸
C:propionic acid 丙酸
D:pyruvic acid 丙酮酸
E:ethanol 乙醇
答案: 【lactic acid 乳酸】

12、 问题:The most important key enzyme that regulates the glycolysis is
选项：
A:Glucose kinase
B:Phosphofructokinase-1
C:Pyruvate kinase
D:Phosphoglycerate kinase
E:Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase
答案: 【Phosphofructokinase-1】

13、 问题:The reason why muscle glycogen breakdown cannot directly replenish blood glucose is
选项：
A:lack of glucose-6-phosphatase
B:lack of phosphorylase
C:lack of debranching enzyme
D:lack of hexokinase
E:low contents of muscle glycogen
答案: 【lack of glucose-6-phosphatase】

14、 问题:The hormone that inhibit gluconeogenesis is
选项：
A:growth hormone
B:insulin
C:epinephrine 肾上腺素
D:glucagon
E:glucocorticoid 糖皮质激素
答案: 【insulin】

15、 问题:The high energy compound directly generated by substrate level phosphorylation in the tricarboxylic acid cycle is
选项：
A:ATP
B:CTP
C:GTP
D:TTP
E:UTP
答案: 【GTP】

16、 问题:The citric acid cycle occurs in
选项：
A:Mitochondria
B:Nucleus
C:Endoplasmic reticulum (内质网)
D:Cytoplasm
E:Golgi body
答案: 【Mitochondria】