2021 通用学术英语1(云南大学)1462942473 最新满分章节测试答案

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本课程起止时间为:2021-03-14到2021-07-04
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【作业】第四周 Exercises for week 4

小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容

1、 问题:1. What sections are most research papers divided into?（2 points）
评分规则: 【 abstract introduction materials and methods results discussion acknowledgments literature cited appendices
】

2、 问题:2. Please explain IMRD Rhetorical structure, including the pattern of its movement and the specific functions of each part. （3 points）
评分规则: 【 IMRD Rhetorical structure shows how component of research paper is organized. It shows general—specific—general movement.I. Introduction : Its purpose is to provide the rational for the paper, moving from the discussion of the topic to the specific questions or hypothesis being investigated. And you should try to attract the reader’s interests.II. Method: This section describes methodology, materials and procedures in various degree of details.III. Results: The findings are described, accompanied by variable amounts of commentary.IV. Discussion: It interprets the data and offer a general account of what has been learnt in the study.
】

3、 问题:3. A research question is a statement that identifies the focus of the topic. What two purposes does it serve? (1 points)
评分规则: 【 To identify the specific objectives of the research. To determine the size of the research and the length of the paper.
】

4、 问题:1. Please read Text 3 and Text 4 respectively on Page 12 & 15 and then list their research questions respectively? (4 points)Text 3Research questions 1:________Research questions 2:_______Research questions 3:______ Text 4Research questions 1:______Research questions 2:______Research questions 3:_________
评分规则: 【 Text 3:1. How many types of cloud services are there and what are they?2. What is green computing?3. What are the advantages of the cloud computing? Text 41. What is Web 3.02. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the cloud computing?3. What security benefits can the cloud computing provide?
】

5、 问题:Directions: Students are required to finish the following exercises. ( 10 points) 1. What sections are most research papers divided into?（2 points）
评分规则: 【 abstract introduction materials and methods results discussion acknowledgments literature cited appendices
】

6、 问题:1. A research question is a statement that identifies the focus of the topic. What two purposes does it serve? (1 points)
评分规则: 【 To identify the specific objectives of the research. To determine the size of the research and the length of the paper.
】

7、 问题:4. Please read Text 3 and Text 4 respectively on Page 12 & 15 and then list their research questions respectively? (4 points)Text 3Research questions 1:________Research questions 2:_______Research questions 3:______ Text 4Research questions 1:______Research questions 2:______Research questions 3:_________
评分规则: 【 Text 3:1. How many types of cloud services are there and what are they?2. What is green computing?3. What are the advantages of the cloud computing? Text 41. What is Web 3.02. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the cloud computing?3. What security benefits can the cloud computing provide?
】

【作业】第五周 Exercises for week 7

1、 问题:1. What elements should be included in a summary? （2 points）
评分规则: 【 1. the thesis of the original article. 2. the major supporting points.
】

2、 问题:2. What are the 3 steps in writing a summary? Give more detailed explanation. （6 points）
评分规则: 【 Step 1: to read: To get the gift, to pick out the main idea and to decide the necessary points
Step 2：to write 1. To begin by mentioning the author, the title and the sisters. 2. To state the supporting points in logical order. 3. Writing tips:- be brief;-be self contained, no references;-be objective, do not use first person point of view;-omit the details;-reduce the examples;-simplified descriptions;-eliminated the repetition;-compress wordy sentences and change phrases to wards;-put the main points of a dialogue in a indirect speech;-use the shortest possible transitions
Step 3: to rewrite Check whether it conveys the important points briefly, whether the original meaning is rephrased and check the spelling, grammar and punctuation.
】

3、 问题:3. Write a one-sentence summary of source material 2 on Page 80. (2 points)
评分规则: 【 – History has demonstrated that technology affects education profoundly. Considering the definition of technology broadly, one may say that prehistoric people used primitive technologies to teach skills to their young.
】

【作业】第四周 Exercises for week 9

1、 问题:1. What are the four moves that an introduction usually consists of? （4 points）
评分规则: 【 – Establishing the field – Summarizing previous research – Preparing for present research – Introducing present research
】

2、 问题:2. What are the five types of qualification when making claims? （3 points）
评分规则: 【 – Probability – Distance – Generalization – Weaker verbs – Combined qualifications
】

3、 问题:3. What are the three ways to defend a generalization？ (3 points)
评分规则: 【 – to use the verb “tend” – to qualify the subject – to add exceptions
】

【作业】第六周 Exercises for week 11

小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容

1、 问题:1. What is the structure of composing a good academic essay? And what is the role of each part in the essay writing?
评分规则: 【 1) a strong introduction: The introduction states your thesis or claim.2) well-organized body paragraphs:In the body part, each paragraph develops one aspect of your topic by providing clear and convincing details, such as giving reasons, examples, facts, statistics and quotations. 3) an effective conclusion:The conclusion is a summary or a review of the ideas discussed in the body. The content of the conclusion part may include different information due to different purposes, such as generalization, summary, prediction, suggestion, appeal to act, discussion of implications, directions for future research.
】

2、 问题:2. Please analyze the structure and organization of Text 18 (page213-216) by identify its writing style and stating its thesis, major points and conclusion.
评分规则: 【 1)Type of writing:informative writing （effect analysis）2)Structure:Introduction: what are the ultimate physical effects of marijuana useBody: Short-term and long-tern effects of marijuana useConclusion: Some actions of marijuana are incompletely understood and their possible significance for health cannot at present be evaluated
】

3、 问题:2. Please analyze the structure and organization of Text 18 (page213-216) by identify its writing style and stating its thesis, major points and conclusion.
评分规则: 【 1)Type of writing:informative writing （effect analysis）2)Structure:Introduction: what are the ultimate physical effects of marijuana useBody: Short-term and long-tern effects of marijuana useConclusion: Some actions of marijuana are incompletely understood and their possible significance for health cannot at present be evaluated
】

【作业】第七周 Exercises for week 12

小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容

1、 问题:In persuasive writing, what are the 2 major ways to show that one idea (the author’s view) is more legitimate than another idea?
评分规则: 【 1) logical appeal: logic is a formal system of analysis that helps writer to demonstrate and prove arguments.2) emotional appeal: Employ emotions or values to identify your cause with the interests of your readers. The writer needs to connect emotionally with the readers.
】

2、 问题:2. What kind of topic is appropriate for developing an argumentative essay? How to develop an argumentative essay according to Toulmin Method?
评分规则: 【 Controversial or debatable topics are appropriate. 1) Claim: The overall thesis the writer will argue for.2) Data: Evidence gathered to support the claim.3) Warrant (referred to as a bridge): Explanation of why or how the data supports the claim, the underlying assumption that connects your data to your claim.4) Backing (referred to as the foundation): Additional logic or reasoning that may be necessary to support the warrant.5) Counterclaim: A claim that negates or disagrees with the thesis/ claim.6) Rebuttal: Evidence that negates or disagrees with the counterclaim.
】

3、 问题:1. In persuasive writing, what are the 2 major ways to show that one idea (the author’s view) is more legitimate than another idea?
评分规则: 【 1) logical appeal: logic is a formal system of analysis that helps writer to demonstrate and prove arguments.2) emotional appeal: Employ emotions or values to identify your cause with the interests of your readers. The writer needs to connect emotionally with the readers.
】

【作业】第五周 Exercises for week 15

小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容

1、 问题:1. What are the rhetorical framework and elements of the discussion section according to Swales & Freak? (6 points)
评分规则: 【 1) Restatement of purpose of the study or the research question2) Summary of the most important findings3) Possible interpretations of the findings4) Comparison with expected results and other studies5) Limitations of the study6) Suggestions for future study
】

2、 问题:2. What are the five central components of an abstract? How many types of abstracts are frequently used for publication and what are they? (4 points)
评分规则: 【 2. What are the five central components of an abstract? How many types of abstracts are frequently used for publication and what are they? (4 points)Keys:Five components: background, problem, method, result and conclusion. Three different types of abstracts: indicatives abstracts, informative abstracts and abstracts for academic degrees.
】

3、 问题:1. What are the rhetorical framework and elements of the discussion section according to Swales & Freak? (6 points)
评分规则: 【 1) Restatement of purpose of the study or the research question2) Summary of the most important findings3) Possible interpretations of the findings4) Comparison with expected results and other studies5) Limitations of the study6) Suggestions for future study
】

【作业】第四周 Homework of Week 4

1、 问题:1. What sections are most research papers divided into?
评分规则: 【 abstract introduction materials and methods results discussion acknowledgments literature cited appendices
】

2、 问题:2. Please explain IMRD Rhetorical structure, including the pattern of its movement and the specific functions of each part.
评分规则: 【 IMRD Rhetorical structure shows how component of research paper is organized. It shows general—specific—general movement.Introduction : Its purpose is to provide the rational for the paper, moving from the discussion of the topic to the specific questions or hypothesis being investigated. And you should try to attract the reader’s interests.Method: This section describes methodology, materials and procedures in various degree of details.Results: The findings are described, accompanied by variable amounts of commentary.Discussion: It interprets the data and offer a general account of what has been learnt in the study.
】

3、 问题:3. Please read Text 3 and Text 4 respectively on Page 12 & 15 in the textbook and then list their research questions respectively? Text 3Research questions 1:________Research questions 2:_______Research questions 3:______ Text 4Research questions 1:______Research questions 2:______Research questions 3:_________
评分规则: 【 Text 3:1. How many types of cloud services are there and what are they?2. What is green computing?3. What are the advantages of the cloud computing? Text 41. What is Web 3.02. What are the advantages and disadvantages of the cloud computing?3. What security benefits can the cloud computing provide?
】

【作业】第五周 Homework of Week 7

1、 问题:Write a one-sentence summary of Source material 2 on Page 80.
评分规则: 【 History has demonstrated that technology affects education profoundly.
】

2、 问题:Write a one-paragraph summary of Text 9 on Page 66 in no more than 150 words.
评分规则: 【 Dalleva (2001) concerns herself with the effects and causes of global warming. She first discusses the negative effects Global warming has on climate changes, the survival of animals, the development of plants, people’s health and the global economy. Then two major causes for global warming, the burning of fossil fuels and greenhouse gases, are examined. Finally, the author concludes that the world needs to put forth a stronger effort to prevent global warming.
】

【作业】第四周 Homework of Week 9

1、 问题:What are the 4 moves for the introduction of a research paper?
评分规则: 【 1. establishing the field 2. summarizing previous research 3. preparing for present research 4. introducing present research
】

2、 问题:Please identify the 4 moves to analyze the introduction of Text 16 in our textbook. Mark the functions of the sentences.Introduction The term genetically modified organism (GMOs) refers to plants, microbes and animals withgenes transferred from other species in order to produce certain novel characteristics (forexample resistance to pests, or herbicides) and are produced by recombinant DNA technology. [1. What function?] Four main sources of the hazards of GMO are discussed by scientists worldwide: 1) those due to the new genes, and gene products introduced; 2) unintended effects inherent to the technology; 3) interactions between foreign genes and host genes; and 4) those arising from the spread of the introduced genes by ordinary cross-pollination as well as by horizontal gene transfer (World Scientists’ Statement 2000). [2. What function?] GM crops contain material, which is not present in them under natural conditions, and they form a part of our daily diet.[3. What function?] To understand what effect they can have on us and on our animals it is vitally important to study the influence of these GM plants in different organisms for several generations. At the present, these studies are lacking from the scientific literature. Also, several detrimental effects of GM crops had been showed on the metabolism of animals. The hazard of genetically modified organisms (GMO) was shown for animals and the environment in many investigations (Traavik 1995; Ho and Tappeser 1997; Pusztai 1999 and 2001; Kuznetcov et al. 2004 and others). Earlier it was shown that consumption of GM food by animals led to the negative changes in their organisms. Experiments, conducted by A. Pusztai showed that potatoes modified by the insertion of the gene of the snowdrop lectin (an insecticidal proteins), stunted the growth of rats, significantly affected some of their vital organs, including the kidneys, thymus, gastrocnemius muscle and others (1998) and damaged their intestines and their immune system (Ewen and Pusztai 1999). Similar effect of GM potatoes on rats was obtained at Institute of Nutrition in Russia (Ermakova 2005). It is put forward in the risk assessment documents that the GM components of transformed plants are completely destroyed in the digestive tract of humans and animals, together with the other genetic material found in them. However foreign DNA plasmids are steadier against the digestion than it was originally believed. Plasmid DNA and GM DNA were found inmicroorganisms of the intestine and in saliva (Mercer et al. 1998; Coghlan 2002). Experimental researches in mice showed that ingested foreign DNA can persist in fragmented form in the gastrointestinal tract, penetrate the intestinal wall, and reach the nuclei of leukocytes, spleen and liver cells (Schubbert et al. 1994). In another research of Schubbert et al. (1998) the plasmid containing the gene for the green fluorescent protein (pEGFP-C1) or bacteriophage M13 DNA were fed to pregnant mice. Foreign DNA, orally ingested by pregnant mice, was discovered in blood (leukocytes), spleen, liver, heart, brain, testes and other organs of foetuses and newborn animals. The authors considered that maternally ingested foreign DNA could be potential mutagens for the developing fetus. At the same time Brake and Evenson (2004) analyzing the testis in mice as a sensitive biomonitor of potential toxic, didn’t find negative effects of transgenic soybean diet on fetal, postnatal, puber talor adult testicular development. [4. What function?] There is a lack of investigations on the influence of GM crops on mammals, especially on their reproductive function. [5. What function?] Therefore, it was decided that we undertake a study to see the effect of the most commonly used GM crop on the birth rate, mortality and weight gain of rat pups, whose mother were fed diets supplemented with the Roundup-Ready soya, a kind of GM food. [6. What function?]
评分规则: 【 Definition, definition , Background, review of the past studies, limitation, purpose
】

【作业】第六周 Homework of Week 11

1、 问题:What is the structure of composing a good academic essay? And what is the role of each part in the essay writing?
评分规则: 【 1) a strong introduction:The introduction states your thesis or claim.2) well-organized body paragraphs:In the body part, each paragraph develops one aspect of your topic by providing clear and convincing details, such as giving reasons, examples, facts, statistics and quotations.3) an effective conclusion:The conclusion is a summary or a review of the ideas discussed in the body. The content of the conclusion part may include different information due to different purposes, such as generalization, summary, prediction, suggestion, appeal to act, discussion of implications, directions for future research.
】

2、 问题:Please analyze the structure and organization of Text 18 (page213-216) by identifying its writing style and stating its thesis, major points and conclusion.
评分规则: 【 1)Type of writing:informative writing （effect analysis）2)Structure:Introduction: what are the ultimate physical effects of marijuana useBody: Short-term and long-tern effects of marijuana useConclusion: Some actions of marijuana are incompletely understood and their possible significance for health cannot at present be evaluated
】

【作业】第二周 Homework of Week 11

1、 问题:What are the four strategies for presentations? Please further explain them!
评分规则: 【 (1） to inform：to give your audience information they didn’t have before ；enhance their knowledge and understanding;(2） to instruct：to be found at events like weddings, banquets or dinners； the atmosphere is humorous, light, and happy; shares a funny story or other anecdotal information;(3） to entertain：to change the audience’s beliefs, attitudes, or behavior; present an argument in favor of or against something; win over your listeners to your point of view; get them to believe something or do something as a result of your presentation(4） to persuade: to persuade: get their attention first; find out what their needs and interests are; show how you can satisfy those needs; convince them how proper actions relate to them and benefit them
】

2、 问题:How to grab audience’s attention in making a presentation?
评分规则: 【 (1） Tell a story；(2） Rhetorical or survey question；(3） Quotation;(4） Starting noteworthy facts；(5） Asking audience to imagine something;(6） Adding drama or surprise;(7） Other attention getters.
】

【作业】第七周 Homework of Week 12

小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容

1、 问题: In persuasive writing, what are the 2 major ways to show that one idea (the author’s view) is more legitimate than another idea?
评分规则: 【 1) logical appeal: logic is a formal system of analysis that helps writer to demonstrate and prove arguments.2) emotional appeal: Employ emotions or values to identify your cause with the interests of your readers. The writer needs to connect emotionally with the readers.