2022 走进材料——从原子到器件(北京航空航天大学) 最新满分章节测试答案

本答案对应课程为:点我自动跳转查看
本课程起止时间为:2022-03-11到2022-07-01

Chapter 1 Materials and Devices： An Introduction 第一章测验

1、 问题:The basic unit of materials is_____, which can bond directly together to form materials, or convert into ions, or assemble into molecules. 
选项：
A:nucleus
B:electron
C:proton 
D:atom
答案: 【atom】

2、 问题:Crystalline structure is a description of the ordered arrangement of atoms, ions or molecules in a crystalline material. We often use ____to illustrate the 3D structure, which is an array of ‘small boxes’ infinitely repeating in three spatial directions.
选项：
A:unit cell
B:crystal lattice
C:grain
D:cuboid
答案: 【crystal lattice】

3、 问题:Atoms could be bonded in different patterns, we call them chemical bonds. The three main types of chemical bonds are metallic, ionic and ______bonds. 
选项：
A:atomic
B:covalent
C:covalence
D:molecular
答案: 【covalent】

4、 问题:According to the dominant material used by human being, the early development of mankind can be named as the Stone Age, the Copper age, the Bronze Age and the _____ age.
选项：
A:Polymer
B:Iron
C:Steel
D:Silicon
答案: 【Iron】

5、 问题:According to chemical composition, materials are usually classified as metals, _, polymers and ______. 
选项：
A:alloys
B:ceramics
C:inorganic
D:composites
答案: 【ceramics;
composites】

6、 问题:Atoms are made from even smaller particles. They are Protons, Neutrons and Electrons.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

7、 问题:The sequence of different scales is macro, mini, meso, ______, nano and atomic.
答案: 【micro】

Chapter 2 Metals and Alloys 第二章测验

1、 问题:Metallic materials are mostly ______ in nature. 
选项：
A:pure metal
B:amorphous
C:crystalline
D:non-crystalline
答案: 【crystalline】

2、 问题:Based on the 3-dimensional configurations of atoms in crystals, all the crystal lattice structures can be classified as _ crystal systems and ______ Bravais lattice system.
选项：
A:four, seventeen
B:seven, fourteen
C:four, seven
D:fourteen, seven
答案: 【seven, fourteen】

3、 问题:As indicated in following figure, the crystal plane in the cubic cell could be written as _____. 
选项：
A:(011)
B:(110)
C:(101)
D:(111)
答案: 【(110)】

4、 问题:Steel is actually an alloy of _ and ___. 
选项：
A:iron, tin
B:copper, tin
C:iron, carbon
D:iron, copper
答案: 【iron, carbon】

5、 问题:Which one is not the typical property of metallic materials?
选项：
A:good electrical and thermal conductors
B:solid at room temperature
C:brittle
D:ductile
答案: 【brittle】

6、 问题:Because of the strong bonding, metallic materials usually have high packing density. Typical lattice structures of metals include _, and __ structure. 
选项：
A:body-centered cubic
B:face-centered cubic
C:hexagonal close-paced structure
D:primitive cubic
答案: 【body-centered cubic;
face-centered cubic;
hexagonal close-paced structure】

7、 问题:An alloy phase diagram is a graphical representation to show the relationships between the various phases that appear within the system under equilibrium conditions. In a phase diagram, usually composition is plotted on the x-axis and pressure is plotted on the y-axis.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

Chapter 3 Corrosion and Protection of Metallic Materials 第三章测验

1、 问题:The majority of metal has a tendency to change into ______ gradually, except several noble metals, due to the exposure to the environment.
选项：
A: alloy
B:metallic compounds
C:grey color
D:metal oxides
答案: 【metallic compounds】

2、 问题:Among various types of corrosions, _corrosion is the most common one. 
选项：
A:electrochemical
B:chemical
C:physical
D:biological
答案: 【electrochemical】

3、 问题:Al foils could keep shining, instead of corrosion. It’s because of____, which forms a very thin layer of oxidized film to inhibit Al for further corrosion.
选项：
A:thermal stability
B:passivation
C:activation
D:corrosion
答案: 【passivation】

4、 问题:Based on the inserted table of standard electrode potentials of metals, it could be inferred that ______ shows higher tendency to be corroded in aqueous solution at 25°C. 
选项：
A:Zinc
B:Iron
C:Nickel
D:Tin
答案: 【Zinc】

5、 问题:In order to reduce the loss from corrosion, we could use the following methods: ______. 
选项：
A:electrochemical protection
B:application of coatings
C:appropriate materials selection
D:suitable design
答案: 【electrochemical protection;
application of coatings;
appropriate materials selection;
suitable design】

6、 问题:The standard electrode potential of different metals in an aqueous solution could approximately show their thermodynamic stability.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

7、 问题:The cathodic reaction is probably oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) when steel is corroded in an acid aqueous solution
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

Chapter 4 Inorganic Non-metallic Materials 第四章测试

1、 问题: ______is not the property of inorganic non-metallic materials.
选项：
A:more complicate crystalline structure than metals
B:no free electrons
C:low melting temperature
D:strong chemical resistance
答案: 【low melting temperature】

2、 问题: Which is not correct?
选项：
A:The ordinary ceramic is not transparent because they are made of ultra pure raw materials.
B: The ordinary ceramic is not transparent because they contain impurities.
C:The ordinary ceramic is not transparent because they contain gas cavity.
D:The ordinary ceramic is not transparent because they absorb lights and cause light scattering.
答案: 【The ordinary ceramic is not transparent because they are made of ultra pure raw materials.】

3、 问题:______are the chemical bonds in inorganic non-metallic materials.